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📄 Abstract - Thinking with Programming Vision: Towards a Unified View for Thinking with Images

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that think with images can interactively use tools to reason about visual inputs, but current approaches often rely on a narrow set of tools with limited real-world necessity and scalability. In this work, we first reveal a critical and previously overlooked weakness: even state-of-the-art MLLMs are surprisingly brittle, showing significant performance degradation on images with simple orientation changes or natural corruptions, underscoring the need for more robust tool-based reasoning. To address this, we propose CodeVision, a flexible and scalable code-as-tool framework where the model generates code as a universal interface to invoke any image operation, moving beyond fixed tool registries. We train our model using a two-stage methodology, beginning with Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) on a high-quality dataset curated for complex, multi-turn tool composition and error recovery, followed by Reinforcement Learning (RL) with a novel and dense process reward function to encourage strategic and efficient tool use. To facilitate this research, we construct new SFT and RL datasets and introduce a challenging new benchmark suite designed to rigorously evaluate robustness to orientation changes and multi-tool reasoning. Experiments on Qwen2.5-VL and Qwen3-VL series show that our approach significantly improves model performance and fosters emergent capabilities such as flexible tool composition, efficient chained execution, and robust error recovery from runtime feedback. Code is available at this https URL.

顶级标签: multi-modal model training model evaluation
详细标签: multimodal llms code-as-tool robustness evaluation reinforcement learning tool composition 或 搜索:

用编程视觉思考:迈向图像思维的统一视图 / Thinking with Programming Vision: Towards a Unified View for Thinking with Images


1️⃣ 一句话总结

这篇论文发现当前多模态大模型处理图像时非常脆弱,容易受方向变化等简单干扰影响,为此提出了一个名为CodeVision的新框架,让模型通过生成代码来灵活调用各种图像处理工具,并通过两阶段训练方法显著提升了模型的鲁棒性、工具组合能力和错误恢复能力。


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