基于不变性原理的因果学习 / Causal Learning with the Invariance Principle
1️⃣ 一句话总结
本文提出仅需两个额外的环境(如不同地区或条件)就能判断变量间的因果关系方向,并在任意非线性模型中给出可靠的因果图和反事实推断结果,从而解决了传统因果发现方法需要大量数据或严格假设的难题。
Causal discovery, the problem of inferring the direction of causality, is generally ill-posed. We use the language of structural causal models (SCM) to show that assuming that the causal relations are acyclic and invariant across multiple environments (e.g., the way minimum wage affects employment rate is stable across different geographical regions), \textit{only} two auxiliary environments are sufficient to infer the causal graph for arbitrary nonlinear mechanisms. Moreover, we demonstrate that this implies identifiability of the SCM functional mechanisms: as a corollary, we show that \textit{two} auxiliary environments are sufficient to guarantee correct counterfactual inference. We empirically support our theoretical results on synthetic data.
基于不变性原理的因果学习 / Causal Learning with the Invariance Principle
本文提出仅需两个额外的环境(如不同地区或条件)就能判断变量间的因果关系方向,并在任意非线性模型中给出可靠的因果图和反事实推断结果,从而解决了传统因果发现方法需要大量数据或严格假设的难题。
源自 arXiv: 2605.13589