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Abstract - Testing LLM Arithmetic Reasoning Generalization with Automatic Numeric-Remapping Attacks
Large language models achieve strong performance on arithmetic reasoning benchmarks, and one common response to arithmetic brittleness is to delegate computation to code. Yet models are still often used in settings where they must reason directly from natural language, and trustworthy models should solve small-number arithmetic word problems without external tools. Prior work shows that LLMs are sensitive to numerical variation: a model may solve an original problem but fail on structurally similar variants requiring the same reasoning procedure with different numbers. We ask whether this fragility persists under a stricter setting involving small, schema-preserving numeric changes that retain the original reasoning program and avoid large-number stress tests. We introduce an automatic algorithm for generating numeric-remapping attacks on arithmetic word problems. Unlike template-based perturbation methods requiring manual schemas or constraints, our approach derives problem-specific symbolic representations, generates constrained numeric remappings, recomputes gold answers, and realizes transformed questions through deterministic edits guided by LLM-generated edit plans. Stage-wise validation and a high-confidence audit retain reliable attacks, making the pipeline scalable with limited human intervention. We evaluate DeepSeek-R1 (70B), Gemma4 (31B), and GPT-OSS (120B) on GSM8K, MAWPS, and MultiArith. On GSM8K, completed runs show conditional accuracy drops of 12.16 to 25.82 percentage points. MAWPS and MultiArith are far more stable, with most attacked accuracies near or above 98%. These results show that numeric-remapping robustness depends strongly on dataset structure: GSM8K remains sensitive even when reasoning programs are preserved and answers are recomputed, while shorter, more regular datasets are more robust.
测试大语言模型算术推理的泛化能力:基于自动数值重映射的攻击方法 /
Testing LLM Arithmetic Reasoning Generalization with Automatic Numeric-Remapping Attacks
1️⃣ 一句话总结
本文提出了一种自动化的数值重映射攻击方法,通过在不改变问题逻辑结构的前提下替换其中的数字,来评估大语言模型在算术推理任务中的脆弱性;实验发现,模型在复杂数据集(如GSM8K)上表现显著下降,而在更简洁的数据集上则保持稳定,表明模型的数值推理泛化能力依赖于数据集的结构复杂度。