早期标记置信度预测多智能体大语言模型辩论中的推理质量 / Early-Token Confidence Predicts Reasoning Quality in Multi-Agent LLM Debate
1️⃣ 一句话总结
本研究提出利用大语言模型生成文本时前几个词的置信度(即解码概率),来有效预测多智能体辩论中推理质量的高低,该方法比分析整段文本更轻量且准确,尤其适用于没有标准答案的开放任务。
Evaluating reasoning quality in multi-agent LLM systems is challenging, especially for open-ended tasks without reference answers. We investigate whether intrinsic confidence signals, token-level log-probabilities from decoding, can predict reasoning quality as assessed by LLM-as-judge evaluation. Using a debate-based essay scoring framework, we compare confidence proxies against rubric-based judge scores across two ASAP essay sets. We find that early-token confidence, particularly within the first few generated tokens, is consistently the strongest predictor of reasoning quality, outperforming full-sequence statistics. Analysis of log-probability trajectories shows that the opening phase of generation is the most heterogeneous and therefore most informative. We also observe a systematic asymmetry between agent roles, with stronger alignment between confidence and quality for supportive reasoning than for adversarial critique. These results suggest that early decoding dynamics provide a lightweight and effective signal for estimating reasoning reliability in multi-agent LLM systems.
早期标记置信度预测多智能体大语言模型辩论中的推理质量 / Early-Token Confidence Predicts Reasoning Quality in Multi-Agent LLM Debate
本研究提出利用大语言模型生成文本时前几个词的置信度(即解码概率),来有效预测多智能体辩论中推理质量的高低,该方法比分析整段文本更轻量且准确,尤其适用于没有标准答案的开放任务。
源自 arXiv: 2606.10307