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arXiv 提交日期: 2026-06-21
📄 Abstract - All Routes Lead to Collapse

Attention sinks, representation collapse, and norm stratification are treated as transformer-specific pathologies. We show they are not specific to attention: they are what content-based routing does under a fixed similarity metric. We give a reframing identity: softmax attention is Boltzmann-weighted aggregation over Euclidean distances with constant key norms, so its score omits a $-\|k\|^2$ term and is blind to key magnitude. This predicts that any router whose metric is ill-matched to its representations should compensate, by concentrating its routing and collapsing the routed representations. We test it on routers that score and aggregate over different axes: softmax attention over tokens (nine pretrained transformers), graph attention over nodes, a selective state-space model and a recurrent mixer over time, and learned residuals over depth. All develop the same signature, and two within-model ablations show it is caused by the routing mechanism rather than by incidental dynamics. The form is contingent, set by the strength of the positional brake each router carries alongside its content score; we sweep that brake and move the onset across its whole range. The mechanism is not contingent, and it does not require norm stratification: a router with norm-normalized keys concentrates just the same. We do not claim these models implement Riemannian geometry; the geometric view is a diagnostic that names the inadequacy of the flat, norm-blind metric.

顶级标签: machine learning theory
详细标签: attention sinks representation collapse softmax attention routing mechanisms norm stratification 或 搜索:

所有路径都通向崩溃 / All Routes Lead to Collapse


1️⃣ 一句话总结

这篇论文发现,注意力崩溃、表示退化等问题并非Transformer模型独有,而是所有基于固定相似度进行内容路由的机制都会出现的普遍现象,并揭示了其根本原因在于路由度量与表示空间的不匹配。

源自 arXiv: 2606.22325