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arXiv 提交日期: 2026-06-21
📄 Abstract - Detecting and Understanding Vulnerabilities in Fully Homomorphic Encryption Frameworks

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) allows computations to be performed directly on encrypted data without decryption, offering strong privacy guarantees for sensitive data analysis. This capability is important for privacy-sensitive applications like secure cloud computing, finance, and healthcare. The complexity of FHE schemes, however, has hindered their practical adoption. To make FHE accessible to a broader range of developers, a new generation of specialized frameworks has emerged to translate high-level FHE programs into complex FHE operations, introducing a new programming paradigm. However, the inherent complexity of FHE frameworks makes them prone to incorrect implementation logic. Unlike mere crashes, logic bugs in these frameworks can silently corrupt encrypted computation, potentially leading to severe financial losses and security vulnerabilities in FHE-enhanced applications. In this work, we introduce HERTA, the first automated testing tool tailored for FHE frameworks. HERTA leverages metamorphic testing to uncover deep-seated implementation bugs and vulnerabilities across the multi-layered FHE software stack. To that end, we design a set of novel metamorphic relations (MRs) derived specifically from FHE semantics. These MRs stress the most challenging aspects of the pipeline, enabling automated correctness testing without the need for a manual ground truth. Our evaluation of HERTA on 3 leading industry frameworks discovered 21 previously unknown bugs, several of which have already been confirmed and fixed by developers. Furthermore, our hazard analysis reveals the critical security impact these bugs pose to the integrity and availability of FHE-based services.

顶级标签: systems security machine learning
详细标签: fhe fault detection metamorphic testing logic bugs automated testing 或 搜索:

检测与理解全同态加密框架中的漏洞 / Detecting and Understanding Vulnerabilities in Fully Homomorphic Encryption Frameworks


1️⃣ 一句话总结

本文提出了首个针对全同态加密框架的自动化测试工具HERTA,利用基于FHE语义设计的蜕变测试方法,成功发现了三个主流工业框架中21个此前未知的漏洞,这些漏洞可能悄无声息地破坏加密计算的正确性,对依赖FHE的应用造成严重安全风险。

源自 arXiv: 2606.22519