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arXiv 提交日期: 2026-07-06
📄 Abstract - Do All Visual Tokens Matter Equally? Object-Evidence Preserving Token Merging for Vision-Language Retrieval

Multi-vector vision-language retrieval preserves fine-grained visual evidence through maximum-similarity late interaction, but dense image-side tokens make storage and scoring expensive. Existing token compression methods reduce this cost, yet they can remove or collapse object- and region-level evidence that future query tokens may need to select. We propose SaMer, an object-aware token merging framework that compresses image-side post-projector tokens into $K$ representative centroids while preserving the original late-interaction interface. SaMer uses object annotations only during training as a merge prior to discourage cross-instance mixing, requires no ground-truth bounding boxes or detectors at inference time, and adapts only the shared projection layer with frozen vision and language backbones. With $K=64$, SaMer removes more than 93% of image-side tokens and reduces ColPali storage by $16.09\times$, while improving R@1 on Flickr30K and MSCOCO. These gains arise because object-aware merging preserves query-selectable object evidence that pruning or feature-only pooling can remove or collapse. SaMer also outperforms compression baselines and shows stronger phrase-level grounding, suggesting that efficient multi-vector retrieval depends not only on reducing token count, but on preserving the evidence future query tokens need to select.

顶级标签: computer vision natural language processing multi-modal
详细标签: vision-language retrieval token merging object-aware efficient retrieval late interaction 或 搜索:

所有视觉标记都同等重要吗?面向视觉-语言检索的物体证据保留型标记合并方法 / Do All Visual Tokens Matter Equally? Object-Evidence Preserving Token Merging for Vision-Language Retrieval


1️⃣ 一句话总结

本文提出了一种称为SaMer的标记合并框架,通过在训练时利用物体标注作为合并先验,避免破坏图像中物体级别的关键证据,从而在压缩超过93%视觉标记的同时,提升图文检索的准确率和细粒度定位能力。

源自 arXiv: 2607.04605