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arXiv 提交日期: 2026-07-06
📄 Abstract - Multi-Turn On-Policy Distillation with Prefix Replay

We study on-policy distillation (OPD) for agentic tasks, where an LLM agent interacts with an environment over multiple turns and a student imitates a teacher over these multi-turn interaction histories. Fully online OPD is costly because each update requires fresh student rollouts through the environment and teacher queries at visited histories. We propose Replayed-Prefix On-Policy Distillation (ReOPD), an off-environment alternative that reuses pre-collected teacher trajectories as replayed prefixes: the student acts at selected steps, while the teacher provides dense per-step supervision without executing new environment interactions. We show that multi-turn OPD introduces a prefix trap: making histories more student-on-policy improves relevance to the student, but can query the teacher on histories where its target is unreliable. This creates a two-sided distribution shift between student occupancy and teacher reliability. ReOPD addresses this by treating multi-turn OPD as a reliability-aware prefix distribution design and implements it with a simple step-decaying sampling schedule that emphasizes early, lower-shift prefixes. Across mathematical reasoning with Python and search environments over multiple teacher and student model scales, ReOPD preserves or improves OPD-level accuracy, uses zero tool calls during student training, and is at least 4$\times$ faster per training step than OPD. ReOPD therefore turns expensive agent-environment interaction into a reusable offline resource, enabling scalable distillation across tools, tasks, and environments.

顶级标签: llm agents reinforcement learning
详细标签: on-policy distillation multi-turn agents prefix replay off-environment training reliability-aware 或 搜索:

基于前缀重放的多轮在线策略蒸馏 / Multi-Turn On-Policy Distillation with Prefix Replay


1️⃣ 一句话总结

该论文提出了一种名为ReOPD的高效训练方法,通过复用教师模型预先收集的交互轨迹,让学生在无需与环境实际互动的情况下模仿教师行为,从而大幅降低多轮任务中智能体训练的计算成本,同时保持甚至提升模型性能。

源自 arXiv: 2607.04763